Wellcome is launching an ambitious programme to understand research culture and commissioned Shift Learning to conduct in-depth qualitative and quantitative research to explore current perceptions, impacts, drivers, and ideas for improvement. This report resents findings from the qualitative phase, which consisted of 94 in-depth interviews with a diverse range of researchers working in the UK, as well as 4 co-creation workshops (in London, Manchester and Glasgow), each with 9 representative members of the research community.